In the end of 2005 three announcements were made in Chicago that concerned the closing of three Chicago cultural icons on State Street: Marshall Field’s, Trader Vic’s and the Berghoff. Marshall Field’s ownership has changed twice in the last two years as the department store giant struggled. The killing blow came with the September announcement: once the takeover of the brand is complete in early 2006 the Marshall Field’s name will dropped. The flagship store at 111 North State Street will no longer be Marshall Field’s. It will be Macy’s; it will be New York. Trader Vic’s, the signature Tiki bar and stalwart fixture in the basement of the Palmer House Hotel closed at the end of 2005. We learned of this on December 3rd. On December 29th we learned that the historic Berghoff Restaurant will close at the end of February. A 107-year-old business, the Berghoff was the first Chicago establishment to get a liquor license after Prohibition ended in 1933. It has been at its current location—next door to the original 1898 location—for seventy years.
State and Washington: Marshall Field’s, State and Monroe: Trader Vic’s at the Palmer House, State and Adams: the Berghoff. These three locations are located directly in the heart of downtown Chicago on State Street. During the latter half of the 19th century and through much of the 20th century, State Street was the main thoroughfare in Chicago, particularly for business and shopping. Marshall Field’s State Street business began in 1868. Field suffered the Great Chicago Fire of 1871 and contracted Daniel Burnham to build the replacement stores: eventually arriving at the one there today—twelve stories tall, and consuming an entire block of downtown real estate.
And now it is gone. – In an article on Chicago architecture, Lynn Becker writes: From their inception, department stores were like a museum, a riverfront, a memorial, or a stadium—something that defined the unique character of a city. Now they’re just roadkill in Wal-Mart America. But the effect is not limited to just retailers. Defining local culture includes a wide variety of icons: from museums and statesmen, to sports, parades and celebrations, to styles in music, food, drink and pastimes.
My friends have argued that I am being overly sentimental. They remind me that things change. Businesses fold. Buildings are torn down. Fashions go out of style. I understand this. I understand that one of Chicago’s great strengths is its adaptability, its ability to change with—and affect its own changes—throughout time.
What I object to is this: the unnecessary replacement of unique cultural icons with mediocrity and monotony—usually in the name of corporate leverage: greed.
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